Page 191 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 1

Gamze Kazancı Altınok

To illustrate, Adams (1994: 29), reveals that the land supply especially in rural
areas, and the land use decisions depend largely on the availability of land
suitable for constructions, and the preferences on property. Likewise, the
modern attempts to understand the urban growth dynamics, which have a
really important effect on construction, intensity and spatial distribution of
residencies, are monitorable up down to the sub-categories of urban growth.
For this reason, urban can be basically defined as economic growth and urban
expansion (Scheurer et al, 2017: 9). Urban growth is now defined as urban
agglomeration, a continuum of spatial development (Chen et al, 2014: 9) and
discussed along with the recently emerging planetary urbanization approach
(Yetişkul, 2020: 332). In the planetary urbanization approach questioning
urban-rural dichotomy, it is emphasized that urbanization has exceeded
regional and continental scales and the urban texture has spread all around
the globe (Brenner and Schmid, 2014: 740). This approach focuses not on
the growth of a city from a center or point, but on the formation of urban
community, the city becoming a way of life, and it is stressed that cities are
multi-scaled, variable places (Miller and Jones, 2018: 107). However, literature
suggests that urban growth through urbanizing everything is wrong and non-
urban processes must be allowed to exist without damaging the city (Shin,
2018: 33). It is especially emphasized that urban sprawl and urban expansion
concepts have emerged with intensive urbanization processes and they are
mentioned in literature that they are the most distinct forms of urban growth.
(Wei and Ewing, 2018: 262; Frumkin et al, 2004: 7). Urban sprawl refers to
the spread of cities through mono-functional land use with less intensity than
usual and with a lot of free spaces. Urban expansion/dispersion, on the other
hand, refers to the spread of cities in the shape of an oil splotch. Contrary
to urban sprawl, urban expansion involves residences with little free space
in between, and the continuity of development at the same rate of intensity.
(Wei and Ewing, 2018: 261). In these approaches, which can be defined as the
rapid changes in land use (Bhat et al, 2017: 515; Byomkesh et al, 2012: 50) it is
emphasized that interventions on transport and built environment constitute
great importance (Bhatta, 2010: 50). Especially urban expansion is seen
more in developing countries has certain indications as to its growth, such
as growth rate, intensity and availability as well as spatial geometry. (Frenkel
and Ashkenazi 2008: 7; Bhatta, 2010: 51). However, in recent years, the water
issues in urban regions are related to urban expansion. According to Scheurer
and his friends, (2017: 6), water management, which is an important indication
of fight with climate change, must be arranged without water waste. It is
revealed that land use policies should be regulated to restrict water waste.
This is because it is stated that if people continue to consume water without
paying heed to other needs, a main effect of climate change, drought will

176 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate,