Page 365 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 4

Süleyman Toy - Zeynep Eren

Also, when the effects caused by human activities carried out in the city are
considered as a parameter, it is necessary to obtain data on the characteristics
that produce greenhouse gas, particulate and heat emissions (Masson et
al. 2020). Although some of these data are measured and monitored by
official institutions in Türkiye (e.g. MoEUCC; https://www. havaizleme.gov.tr/;
https://www.atlas.gov.tr/), there is a serious need for coordination in this area,
especially in data analysis.
The factors that cause urban climate characteristics to vary and can be
mitigated with the right interventions include urban form and size, and the
impacts from human activities carried out in cities (Chen and Feng 2022).
Parameterizing these features and using them in planning and design studies
to create cities resistant to urban heat island formation is extremely important
for human health, quality of life and socioeconomic development in the future.
In this respect, on the one hand, using urban characteristics as parameters
to obtain and track data, and on the other hand, monitoring the effects of
these data on meteorological conditions and long-term climate elements will
determine which urban characteristics need to be improved (Yang et al. 2019).
In this context, after long-term studies in the international literature,
this study was needed to determine which urban characteristics should be
monitored to make cities climate resilient in Türkiye based on the World
Meteorological Organization’s guiding study on monitoring the impact of
urban characteristics on climate elements (WMO 2023). The information
provided in the table above within the scope of the study is intended to
reduce the global parameters to the scale of our country.
The meteorological parameters required to be monitored and the data
to be obtained in parallel with these urban characteristics were determined
and presented in previous guides of the World Meteorological Organization
(Table 4; WMO 1976; 2006).

Table 4. Meteorological parameters that can be used in urban climate analysis
No Daily, Monthly, Yearly Average Maximum Minimum Extreme Total
1 Air temperature (°C) X X X X
5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 cm
2 soil temperature (°C) X X X X
3 Relative humidity (%) X X X X

Wind direction (° pre-
4 vailing) number of blows X X X X
5 Wind velocity (m/sec) X X X X

354 The Journal of Environment, Urban and Climate