Page 184 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 2

Designing Resilient Cities: Application
Guide Seeking, The Case Of İzmir Torbalı

The disaster-centered approach in urban and regional planning involves
the prevention or reduction of disaster risks, decrease in disaster effects,
prevention of secondary disasters such as fire, landslide, etc. based on
primary disasters, quick and efficient rescue after disasters, facilitation of
development works, and facilitation of resettlement and construction activities
after disasters (Gözlükaya and Türk, 2016). Although fundamentally seen as
ecological and spatial planning balance, resilience is also related to socio-
cultural structure. To avoid the potential negative effects, urban capacities are
being developed and design and planning tools that do not harm the urban
identities and systems are developed. Post-disaster risk mitigation measures
to render cities resilient are a preferred approach. The adaptation capacity
of the cities and residents to maintain urban functions and life is effective in
rapid recovery of the city in case of big disasters (Guo, 2012) and mitigation
of losses.

System
functionality
Normal Conditions
Pre-disaster damage mitigation
Post-disaster damage mitigation

Disaster Condition
Endurance
Pace Time

Graph 2: Disaster Loss Triangle - Source: (Gerçek and Güven, 2016; Bruneau et al, 2013;
Mc Daniels, 2017)
Studies on disaster management prioritize space-centered criteria in
defining resilient cities. Resilient cities are expected to have disaster-resilient
spaces, safe open spaces for disaster-resilient societies to form, strategical
buildings, capacity for fight against epidemics, responsiveness to govern
times of crisis, and a sufficient and strong access system and infrastructure
(Tilio et al, 2011; Gerçek and Güven, 2016).
The two most important issues that need attention right after a disaster
are safety and shelter. The existence of open and accessible areas gains
importance after a disaster, while during a disaster, it is of critical importance
to meet the life-sustaining needs, arrange logistic emergency assets, inform

Year 1 / Issue 2 / July 2022 170