Page 181 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 2

Gizem Erdoğan - Serdar Simsar - Sinem Dudu Sakal - Ömer Kor - Gamze Kardoğan
Ceren Parıltı - Yaşar Doğukan Kaya - Begüm Gündoğdu
1. Conceptual Framework

The concept of resilience was defined by Turkish Language Society as
endurance, resistance, and durability (TDK, 2021). The derivative of the word,
resistance, resilience is the ability of the system to adapt the change processes
resulting from internal and external sources, and improve itself (Holling,1973).
In its most general sense, resilience can be defined as the capacity of a system
for long-term adaptation and short-term survival (Sharifi and Yamagata, 2016).
Cities are the living areas based on systems. As they are based on systems,
the systems must be as durable and flexible as possible. To put it simply, the
reactions expected from cities against the potential problems and threats can
be defined as urban resilience. Resilient cities have become a universal and
extremely important topic of issue to prevent the decrease in life quality as
cities fall short of meeting various needs and living activities resulting from
the developing world, uncontrolled population growth and the damaged
ecosystem. The UN 2030 Agenda included 17 Sustainable Development
Goals. The Aim 1. Goal 5., related to sustainable cities and human settlements,
Aim 11. Goals 11.3 and 11.b and Aim 13. Goals 13.1 and 13.2 point out to the
resilient cities (UN, 2015) (Table 1).

Table 1: the Sustainable Development Goals and targets pointing to resilient cities

SUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT AIMS
1. No poverty 1.5. By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vul-
nerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to
climate-related extreme events and other economic, social, and
environmental shocks and disasters.
11. Sustainable Cities 11.3. By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization
and Communities and capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human
settlement planning and management in all countries
11.b. By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and
human settlements adopting and implementing integrated poli-
cies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and
adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop
and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels
13. Climate Action 13.1. Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to clima-
te-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries
13.2. Integrate climate change measures into national poli-
cies, strategies, and planning

167 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate