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Gizem Erdoğan - Serdar Simsar - Sinem Dudu Sakal - Ömer Kor - Gamze Kardoğan
Ceren Parıltı - Yaşar Doğukan Kaya - Begüm Gündoğdu

Table 2: Resilient City Criteria, Source: Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development

ECONOMY SOCIETY ENVIRONMENT
S1. Demographic
Ec1. GDP Growth rate En1 Population density
information on migration
En2 Accessible green
Ec2. Unemployment S2. Poverty levels area level and built-up
areas
Ec3. Demographic En3 Distance to open
information on S3. Household income areas
working population
S4. Percentage of En5 Public
Ec4. Number of literate
people population living 500 transportation
meters from services utilization rate
The criteria can be discussed in terms of a sustainable, flexible, and
strong economy, renewable energy sources, sustainability in production,
competition, increased agricultural efficiency and local raw material use. In
social terms, they can be discussed in terms of the existence or creation of
action plans against social disruptions, gender equality, healthy life, safety,
and justice. Resilient cities with an urban planning that can maneuver around a
spatial focus can be assessed based on the existence of a healthy ecosystem,
flexible infrastructure services, disaster risk mitigation, safe settlement design,
existence disaster risk management, adaptation capacity, strong infrastructure,
a design that maintains the atmosphere balance and the capacity to receive
minimum damage.
The aim of resilient city planning is to minimize the damage and effects
of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, droughts, etc. and social
disruptions like unemployment and terrorism, and to build urban risk
management, and reinforce urban infrastructure through spatial planning and
green infrastructure systems. For this reason, resilient cities, are seen as systems
with little car use, based on renewable energy systems and transportation
network (Jennings and Newman 2008, Newman et al, 2009; Newman, 2012).
The planning approach of resilient cities involves transportation system,
outdoor and green area systems, integrated land use and renewable energy
sources. However, the pressure of the city on natural recourses, and its
dependency on them should be reduced, if possible, to zero.

169 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate