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The Place of Urban Transformation in National Planning:
The Case of The Spatial Strategic Plan of Türkiye

with the planning system, and its implementation has reached and stopped at
the point of improving the physical environmental conditions with segmental
interventions specific to the problem rather than a holistic and inclusive point
of view (Ataöv and Osmay, 2007; Aydınlı and Turan, 2012; Daşkıran and Ak,
2015; Genc, 2008). When examining the urban transformation process and
planning practices of urban transformation in Türkiye, it is observed that this
process is highly related to the legal bases (Sadioğle and Ergönül, 2020). In this
scope, the first legal regulation for urban transformation is the Law No.5104
on the Northern Ankara Entrance Urban Regeneration Project dated 2004
(Official Gazette, 12.03.2004, No: 25400). This law, with the main purpose of
increasing the spatial quality of northern entrance in a specific route known as
Protocol Road in Ankara and offering a better urban life, defines the process
between the upper-scale physical plans and lower-scale implementation
plans. In the following periods, in 2005, it put forward a framework focusing
on renewal and protection with the definition of “renewal area” introduced
in the scope of Law No. 5366 on the Renovating, Conserving and Actively
Using Dilapidated Historical and Cultural Immovable Assets. With this law,
local governments were authorized to intervene in areas with historical and
cultural value, such as archaeological sites and protected areas, and urban
transformation was identified as an important tool for the qualified renewal of
these areas. Although the urban transformation - development area concept
was introduced in the Municipal Law No. 5393 dated 2005 in the same year,
and decisions were taken within the scope of powers and responsibilities
regarding the urban transformation, the most remarkable process on urban
transformation in the recent period was experienced with Law No. 6306 on the
Transformation of Areas under Disaster Risk enacted in 2012. This law brings
along new definitions such as risky structure, reserve area and risky building
that are directly included in the practice of urban transformation, besides, the
main focus here is that the impact area of urban transformation is limited to
disaster-prone areas. Considering the powers and responsibilities the actors -
Public Housing Administration (TOKİ) and Emlak Konut GYO,
Republic of Türkiye the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate
Change, municipalities, metropolitan municipalities, provincial private
administrations - involving the process, it can be stated that this law is a
significant breaking point in terms of being at the planning practice of urban
transformation at different scales.
In this regard, the necessity to set the urban transformation, which finds its
place in different contexts both in the current planning literature and in planning
practice, in a defined framework within the planning processes in our country
attracts attention as an important study and development point. The Spatial
Strategic Plan of Türkiye (SSP of Türkiye), in this context, sets out different goals,

Year 2 / Issue 4 / July 2023 3