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An Exemplary Approach in The Framework of The Public Procurement
Law No. 4734 for Electric Bus Purchases by Local Governments

for the conventional motor buses. Regulation and supervision of the public
transportation service performed within the scope of the model is provided
by the main authority (Administration).

2.4. Multiple Participation Model
In this model, the supplier / manufacturer of electric buses to be used
in public transportation is also involved as a stakeholder. Procurement and
ownership of the buses which are the most basic investment need, are under the
responsibility of manufacturer/supplier. In the model where buses are leased
to a private operator, project financing can be provided through an external
organization or with equity resources belonging to the bus manufacturer /
supplier. Here, the public transportation authority still has a role as the planner
& supervisor; while private operator conducts the maintenance & repairment
operational activities of the procured buses. This model is not applied in
Türkiye. Similarly, maintenance & repair activities for the electric buses are
also performed by the stakeholder, as the manufacturer / supplier, from which
the buses are procured in the scope of this model. In this aspect, it is partially
similar to the practices currently carried out in Türkiye within the scope of the
maintenance & repair guaranteed bus purchase tenders.
Based on the above-mentioned business models that are considered to be
used in electric bus purchases for public transportation sector in Türkiye, an
approach has been introduced for the local governments in the framework of
Regulation on the Implementation of Product Purchases under the applicable
Public Procurement Law.

3. Basic Requirements to be Defined for Electric Bus Tenders
First of all, public transportation authorities and operators should clearly set
out the justifications for the tender for the electric bus purchases to be made. The
aspects such as expiry of the operational life of the buses with internal combustion
engine in the existing fleet, increasing the number of buses in the fleet and
establishing a new fleet consisting of electric buses for the goals of the reduction
of greenhouse emission values can be considered as the justification in the reports.
Then, it is required to define the scope of the tender to be made for electric buses.
It is of critical importance for the budgets on the basis of the projects, the number
of required buses, capacity, type , battery capacity, appropriate charging concept
3
and whether the necessary infrastructure installations are required or not. On
the other hand, in line with the projected business plans, scope of the contract
is affected by many aspects such as, whether the operations and maintenance &
repair activities are included in the scope of the tender or not. In addition to the

3 Charged at night or fast-charging bus concept

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