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Urban Transformation in Istanbul Within the Scope of Disaster
Preparedness

process, 28,412 independent units in the high risk buildings that are under
transformation process and 31.894 buildings under construction (Ministry of
Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change, 2023).
Sample areas, given below, where the urban transformation process is
conducted by the Ministry in the scope of Law No. 6306 since their urban
transformation process failed to be continued, consisting of structures that
are non-resistant to disasters and there are settlements that are illegal and/or
have property problems, have been examined over the current data obtained
from the Ministry’s Urban Transformation Information System A.R.A.A.D.
(www.araad.gov.tr, 2023).

4.1. Fikirtepe Neighbourhood of Kadıköy District Urban Transformation Project
Fikirtepe Neighbourhood of Kadıköy District and its surroundings were
planned as a “Special Project Area” with a 1/5000 scale Current Zoning
Plan approved by the İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality Council in 2005
due to the presence of unhealthy and non-earthquake-resilient structures
as a result of unplanned development in this location. With the modification
of the plan approved by the İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality Council in
2007, it was designated as an “Urban Transformation Area” within the scope
of Law No. 5393.
Speculative movements came out within the area as the conditions of
reconstruction were determined by consolidating the small property texture
with zoning plans, and construction companies started negotiations with
property owners who, together, could make up a building block, followed by
signing contracts with them. Thus, the urban transformation process initiated in
Fikirtepe with the cooperation of beneficiaries and the private sector.
In the lawsuit filed by the professional chambers against the approved plan
in 2011, the plan was canceled on the grounds that the plan notes would
create uncertainty, the plan would not establish a healthy housing area due
to the loss of social facility balance and increased construction density. The
region became quite problematic in terms of security, healthy environment
and urban aesthetics as a result of the cancellation decision.
Due to reasons such as plan cancellations, contract terms of contractor
companies, non-contractual demands of beneficiaries, insufficiency and
uncertainty of contract terms, economic difficulties of contractor companies,
an agreement could not be reached with beneficiaries, so it was failed to
proceed to the stage of obtaining a building permit. Therefore, this situation
disrupted the urban transformation process carried out with the private sector
and beneficiaries.

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