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Integrated
pest man- + + +
agement
Tradition-
al pasture
manage- + + + +
ment
Water + + + + + + + +
harvesting
Wind- + + + +
breaks

3. “The Project on Agricultural Applications for Ecosystem-Based Adapta-
tion (EBA) in the Anatolian Steppe Ecosystems” in the scope of EBA Activi-
ties in Türkiye
In Türkiye, located in the Mediterranean Basin, which is expected to be
most affected region by climate change on a global scale, it is expected that
the drought will be felt in large regions, and the number of extremely hot days
will increase, and there will be significant decreases in agricultural production.
In the Climate Change and Agriculture Assessment Report of the Ministry of
Agriculture and Forestry, it is projected that Türkiye will be more exposed to
disasters in the coming period due to climate change and that there will be a
decrease in agricultural productivity from 2% to 13% by 2050.
In order to eliminate the negative effects of climate change in the agricultural
sector and to minimize yield and quality losses in crops by increasing the
adaptation ability, steppe areas should be specially treated. Because steppe
vegetation is observed in most of the arid areas of Türkiye (Çetik, 1985) and
therefore, changes in the precipitation regime along with climate change are
observed more in arid and semi-arid areas with disasters such as drought,
frost, flood.
According to the Strategy on Ecosystem-Based Adaptation to Climate
Change for Anatolian Steppe Ecosystems prepared in 2018, “Central and Eastern
Anatolian steppe ecosystems are important because they are biodiversity areas
and contain high endemic species in upper plateaus, mountainous areas and
basins. The Anatolian steppe ecosystem can be classified as a semi-natural and
agricultural ecosystem with different levels of complexity and as transformed
natural ecosystems on a global, national and regional scale.”
According to the results of the Project on Conservation and Sustainable
Management of Türkiye’s Steppe Ecosystems carried out in Türkiye “Steppes
are among the most important and sensitive ecosystems in the nature of
Türkiye. Steppe ecosystems in Türkiye include natural steppes, meadows,
agricultural areas and pastures and cover an area of about 32 million hectares.

156 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate