Page 267 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 2

Muhammed Demiralp

change, Paris Climate Agreement is also signed by Türkiye, which aims to
enforce the application of UNFCCC towards sustainable development and
elimination of poverty. In this regard, the steps to be taken in the upcoming
years concern not only tourism sector, but also the sustainability of economic
activities, preservation of social and environmental resources, and beyond
that, the sustainability of all living species (Birpınar, 2022).

2. The Relationship between Climate Change and Tourism Sector

As part of the fight against and adaptation to climate change, there are
agreements initiated at a global scale and declared officially. In the action
plans developed in line with these agreements, there is a need to take certain
measures against the increase in climate change, and its possible impact on
tourism sector. In fact, tourism activities should be assessed in accordance
with the individual needs along with various climate conditions. Considered
within this framework, as the changes in climate systems affect tourism
sector and climate change influences tourism mobility, the assessment of the
relationships between tourism sector and climate change gains even more
importance (Becken and Clapcott, 2011; Berrittella et al, 2006; Lise and Tol,
2002).

a. The Effect of Climate Change on Tourism Sector

The effect of climate change on tourism sector is at critical level. The
negative impact of climate change on the sector can take many forms. It is
worth mentioning the direct and indirect effects, such as extreme weather
conditions, increased insurance and security costs, water scarcity, loss of
biodiversity, loss of the touristic values on the touristic routes due to climate,
and the ensuing loss of the attraction of these tourist routes (UNWTO-ITF,
2019: 11).
The emergence of the effects of climate change in the long run, and the
variability of these effects according to each region makes it hard to implement
an adaptation study (Amelung and Viner, 2006). Due to the regional differences
in climate change, and the tourism types organized in different climate
conditions, there is a need for urgent climate change adaptation actions to
mitigate the risks and creating opportunities to ensure the sustainability of the
activities (UNWTO-UNEP, 2008).
Although the current climate change may have positive impact on certain
regions in tourism, the global negative effects seem to outweigh the positive
ones, which will affect economic growth and employment (Başoğlu, 2014).

253 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate