Page 263 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 2

Muhammed Demiralp

effects of tourism on climate and of climate change on tourism sector. Then,
the findings of the city are mentioned, which are later discussed in the Results
section.

1. Conceptual Framework

Tourism represents a mobility that cooperates with many sectors to make
individuals feel happier through changing location. The individuals who
take part in tourism activities are called tourists. Starting from the previous
centuries, the temporary travels of people to meet their needs such as
participation in trips, entertainments, beliefs and many other activities are all
considered tourism activities (Başol, 2012: 351).
The first definition of tourism in modern times was made by Guyer-Freuler as
the need of individuals for rest depending on the diversity and beauty of seasons,
the wish to see different places of artistic and cultural importance, and the joy
experienced through getting closer to nature (Kozak et al, 2014). Tourism is also
considered as an activity that motivates people move to other destinations for
business or holiday (Bayer, 1992: 3). Therefore, as tourism activities carried out
for different desires and needs, such as holiday, culture, travel, business, arts,
etc. are highly diverse, there is not a single definition of tourism (Toskay, 1983:
9). According to the definition made by Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism,
tourism involves travels by individuals from their locations to other destinations
for maximum one year for travel, entertainment, relaxation, business or other
reasons (Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism, 2022).
Based on the relevant definitions of tourism, it is concluded that not all
journeys are considered as tourism activities and there is an absolute need
for the tourists to return to their original locations (Mathieson and Wall, 1982:
1). Although holiday brings the sea, beach and sun to mind, tourism activities
may have different motives for everyone. Because of that, depending on
the desires and needs of tourists, it is essential to identify the aim of their
participation in the tourism mobility is of great importance for the policies and
strategies to be applied in this sector.
When the tourism activities are classified according to the aims of tourists,
the concept of “sea tourism” stands out. Sea tourism is the tourism type
that is preferred most by tourists, and often in summer months the demand
for it reaches maximum levels (Collins, 2008: 112). Another type of tourism,
“convention tourism” is defined as a type of tourism that involves individuals
travelling to other destinations and staying there due to their jobs (Çakıcı,
2009: 3). “Health tourism” refers to the tourism that individuals experience
essentially to get treated and healed. (Boz, 2004: 132).

249 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate