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Urban Resilience Practices To Climate
Change: Case Of Denizli

usable energy in all fields are the leading solution areas for urban systems.
Cities that develop such solutions are called resilient cities. Resilient cities aim
to minimize the damage experienced due to major disasters such as climate
change, global warming, floods, droughts and forest fires (Özkur Karahan,
2018: 1).
Municipalities provide services in a wide variety of areas at the local level;
while meeting the needs of the increasing population, they want to benefit
from the advantages of technological development and the opportunities
that new development policies will bring. This enabled the development of
projects aimed at realizing the “smart city” concept in line with global and
national development goals (İlbank, 2021: 5).
To leave future generations a healthier and safer environment to live in, it
is essential to build climate-friendly and climate-resilient cities. To this end,
local climate change action plans should be made, CO emission inventories
2
should be prepared, and tregular inspections should be carried out. This
study created a list of criteria through literature review on climate-friendly
and climate-resilient cities and their conceptual content. The practices by
Denizli Metropolitan Municipality implemented to render the city of Denizli
resilient were also mentioned. The purpose of the study is to take concrete
steps against the effects of climate change through maintaining sustainable
environmental policies.

1. Climate Resilience around the World

In order to prevent or minimize the changes in global climate due to
anthropogenic activities starting with the Industrial Revolution, and to
coordinate the global efforts concerning climate change, in 1988, the World
Meteorological Organization (WMO), and the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) was founded by the United Nations Environment
Program. IPCC defined climate change in the broadest sense as the changes
in the average climate features and/or variables, and this is an ongoing
process. The environmental policies concerning climate change are discussed
at a national as well as international level. The three fundamental global
agreements to realize mitigation and adaptation policies are the United
Nations Climate Change Framework Convention, Kyoto Protocol and Paris
Agreement.
The Stockholm Conference held by the UN in 1972 is considered the first
mega conference that led to many international initiatives in environmental
policies to be realized in the following years. The conference resulted in the
establishment of UN Environmental Program (UNEP), which coordinates and

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