Page 28 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 1

Climate Change And Türkiye

Supply and Demand for Energy

Climate change and changes in temperature have a direct effect on
energy systems, and energy demand is in part determined by weather
conditions. Climate change and variations also affect energy consumption
behavior. Places “Quite cold” and “quite hot” are among regions of
exposure, and they are expected to display changes according to seasons.
Policies on GHG emission are expected to affect energy supply, demand
and fuel consumption. These gases have an effect on further warming of
the environment leading to climate changes and may increase evaporation
rates. Additionally, water consumption by society will increase with high
temperatures and there will be in more need for water supply in residential
areas. With all these changes combined, although the rain and humidity in
certain regions could balance the heat, there will be more energy demand
for the transfer of water.
It has been established that hydroelectric power sector will be potentially
the most affected renewable energy source. This is because the amount
of precipitation, the ensuing flow, and its time (especially in snow melts)
depend on climate change. Decreasing river flow may also lead to problems
in hydroelectric power production in certain areas. However, depending on
the timing, increased river flow may help hydroelectric power production. In
fact, operating hydroelectric power plants in lower than full capacity may be
needed to saturate more frequent peak flows and prevent flooding in the
lower sections of the river. All these circumstances may start to appear in
Turkish Republic in the medium and long term.
Research should be done on the potential effects of climate change on
wind speed, wind direction, and power production in regions of existing
wind power plants. Though there is great uncertainty, medium and long-term
climate change should be taken into consideration in new regions of wind
power plants.
Research done on the issue should include the effects of climate change,
biomass energy potential depending on the amount of precipitation, and
the effects of extreme weather conditions on wind power plants, all electric
power transport-distribution networks, petroleum products storage facilities
and petroleum extraction in the open sea.

The Effects of Climate Change on Türkiye

Thanks to the projects developed by public institutions and establishments
starting from late 2000, 6 billion m3 of water consumption for various purposes
is provided from groundwater, whereas 33.3 billion m3 comes from surface

Year 1 / Issue 1 / Jan 2022 13