Page 183 - Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi - Sayı 4

URBAN TRANSFORMATION AS A TOOL TO PROTECT FROM DISASTERS
AND POST-DISASTER HOUSING PROJECT EXAMPLES

Hilmi TUTAR

ABSTRACT
The slums and illegal structures, which previously had the aim of simply acquiring housing and did not
receive engineering services, became structures that were not resistant to disasters in the following years.
In recent years, almost all of the houses that were destroyed or severely damaged in the earthquakes and
disasters are projects that were either not built on suitable areas or were not built according to scientific
methods in terms of architecture and materials. The improvements made in the construction legislation
after the 1999 Earthquake and the new laws enacted to accelerate the urban transformation after the Van
Earthquake in 2011, increased the enforcement power of the public authority and hundreds of projects
were implemented in this context. The fact that most of the existing building stock in our country is at
risk against earthquakes and the renewal of 6 - 7 million housing units with high risk of damage keeps
the issue of urban transformation on the agenda. In the next 5 years, the urban transformation of 2
million residences in total, including 400 thousand units every year, is targeted. However, the central
and local authorities who are faced with the fact that a large part of the housing stock in our country
needs to be renewed, are also faced with a great financing problem. The total expenditure on these
projects to date is approximately 89,9 billion TL. in current value. Urban transformation, which is seen
as the principal solution especially in metropolitan areas such as Istanbul, Izmir and Kocaeli with dense
population, low quality of construction and high earthquake risk will take a long time to be resolved with
public projects, incentives and the sensitivity of the citizens after the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, but
significant progress has been taken. One of these applications is the project named “Half of the Payment
belongs to the State”, which is planned to be implemented first in Istanbul and then throughout the
country. 270 thousand applications were received for the project, which concern 1 million 20 thousand
units in Istanbul. Within the scope of this project, first it is aimed to transform 200 thousand housing
units on-site, with the support of the state on voluntary basis.
While this expresses the determination of the public authority, it shows that an effective urban
transformation process has been initiated against disasters and that the public and citizens also believe in it.
This study is carried out in order to deal with the damages caused by disasters in Turkey, the importance
of urban transformation which is one of the effective solutions against these damages and the housing
projects implemented after disasters.

Keywords: Urbanization, Housing, Urban Transformation, Disaster, Population.

Başkan Danışmanı, Toplu Konut İdaresi
Mail: hilmicantutar@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-7937
Makale Atıf Bilgisi: Tutar, H. (2023). “Afetlerle Mücadelede Bir Araç Olarak Kentsel
Dönüşüm ve Afet Sonrası Konut Uygulama Örnekleri”. Çevre, Şehir
ve İklim Dergisi. Yıl: 2. Sayı: 4. ss. (168-179)
Makale Türü: İnceleme
Geliş Tarihi: 09.06.2023
Kabul Tarihi: 13.07.2023
Yayın Tarihi: 31.07.2023
Yayın Sezonu: Temmuz 2023

168 Çevre, Şehir ve İklim Dergisi Çevre, Şehir ve İklim Dergisi
Deprem ve Kentsel Dönüşüm | Temmuz 2023 | Sayı: 4