Page 189 - 7. State Of Environment Report Of Türkiye

C.3.4. Water Use for Energy Generation

In 2022, the most important share in renewable energy is taken by hydroelectric power plants
with dams and rivers, which constitute 30.4% of the total installed capacity.

Table 66 Profile of Hydroelectric Power Plants by the End of 2022 (TETC, 2024)
Number of Power Plants 751

Installed Power 31,571.5 MW
Ratio to Installed Capacity 30.4 %

Annual Electricity Generation 66,802 GWh
Ratio of Hydraulic Source Production to Total Consumption 20.3 %
Licence Status 733 Licenced, 18 unlicensed

C.4. Environmental Infrastructure

C.4.1. Urban Sewerage System and Population Served

Wastewater infrastructure systems consist of sewerage, storm water and wastewater treatment
plants (WWTP). Since the establishment of the Republic of Türkiye, there have been significant
changes and developments in the management of urban municipal water services. In recent ye-
ars in Türkiye, sewerage networks are generally constructed as split systems, which are systems
that carry wastewater and storm water separately. However, some of the previous sewerage
networks are still in use as combined systems where wastewater and storm water are carried
together.
Sewerage network investments, which started in 1970s, were carried out under the leadership
of the General Directorate of İlbank until 1980s and reached a very high level in these years. In
the 1990s, investments continued, albeit at a lower level. In the beginning, these investments
were concentrated in big city centres, and then they were extended to small settlements. The
new trend observed in water management is that the private sector has started to assume a role
in the provision of these infrastructure services in addition to local administrations. The estab-
lishment of water and sewerage administrations in metropolitan municipalities is an example
of localisation in this field.
While the ratio of population served by sewerage to municipal population was 69% in 1994, this
ratio reached 90% in 2014. While it was 92% in 2012, it decreased to 90% in 2014. This situation
has occurred due to the Municipalities transformed into neighbourhood/village status with the
Municipality Law No. 6360. The ratio of the population served by sewerage to the municipal
population reached 93% in 2022.

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