Page 246 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 4

General Properties and Seismic Performance of High Risk Buildings in
Our Country

Most of the buildings which contain insufficient horizontal load bearing
system and other disadvantages end up with complete collapse (Figure 2).
Especially the buildings that do not have sufficient lateral rigidity and strength,
even when exposed to the effects of a design earthquake (Elazığ (2020), İzmir
(2020)), completely collapse and cause the loss of high number of lives despite
the fact that other structures located next to these buildings remain standing.

a b

c d
Figure 2. Buildings that were completely collapsed; a) 2011 Van earthquake, b) 2020 Elazığ
earthquake, c) 2020 İzmir earthquake, d) 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake
One of the most basic problems of our high risk building stock is the
damages caused by insufficient confinement and reinforcement detailing.
Confinement fails to be effective due to inadequate spacing in the stirrups and
not applying appropriate hook geometry at the corners of the stirrups. Severe
shear cracks and reinforcement buckling occur at the element ends close to
the junctions due to the deficiencies in the column ends and column-beam
joints, in particular. Typical examples of such damage are given in Figure 3.

Year 2 / Issue 4 / July 2023 235

c)