Page 135 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 4

Cenk Alhan - Mert Hacıemiroğlu

14.13.1. Effective friction coefficient for EYS insulators, μ, is multiplied by
λ üst = upper limit coefficient and λ alt =lower limit given in equations (11) and
(12) (TBDY (2018), Equations 14.9 and 14.10); and thus upper limit and lower
limit values are obtained.

λ ae is aging and environmental effects, λ deney is the effects such as loading
speed and heating, and λ spec are the the multipliers to be used due to variability
in production; if it could not be determined by prototype or production control
tests, 1.00, 0.70 and 0.85 are taken for the lower limit, respectively, and 1.20, 1.30
and 1.15 are taken for the upper limit (TBDY (2018, Table 14.3). Within the scope
of this study, using the lower and upper limit properties given in the regulation,
it was calculated as λ top = 1.719 and λ alt =0.595.
The isolator properties calculated for the lower limit, nominal and upper
limit in DD1 and DD2 earthquake levels are summarized in Table
Table 2. Isolator properties calculated for the lower limit, nominal and upper limit at
DD1 and DD2 earthquake levels

DD1 DD2
Parameter Lower Upper Lower Upper Unit
Limit Nominal Limit Limit Nominal Limit
P(G+nQ) 4992.62 kN
λ üst 1.719 -
λ alt 0.595 -
μ nom 0.08 -
μ eff 0.0476 0.08 0.13752 0.0476 0.08 0.13752 -
R c 6.9 m
D 54.0 40.4 30.7 22.7 17.5 11.9 cm
F =F y 237,6 399,4 686,6 237,6 399,4 686,6 kN
Q
k 2 723,6 kN/m
k e 1155.7 1697.7 2938.4 1756.8 2942.5 6445.1 kN/m
β e 23.8 36.5 48.0 37.4 48.0 56.5 %
η m 0.589 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 -
T M or T D 4.170 3.440 2.615 3.382 2.613 1.766 s
NOTE: According to TBDY (2018), in calculating the η m where β value exceeds 30%, it is
e
considered as ζ 30%.

124 The Journal of Environment, Urban and Climate