Page 201 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 3

Nur Sinem Partigöç

As a result of the rapid change and transformation in the field of Information
and Communication Technologies (ICT), reasonable solutions have started
to be found for the problems experienced in urban areas. When urban
infrastructures are taken into consideration after the 2000s, it is observed
that technology-oriented investments have increased in urban areas and
that cities are an application area for new technologies. Starting from this
point, the purpose of this study has been determined as to reveal how the
smart city applications and technological innovations developed within
sustainability are affecting the city planning process. Comprehensive studies
were conducted on the subject by means of qualitative research method
using national and international application examples from the sources and
the obtained findings were evaluated in the scope of city planning discipline.
Within the specified scope, the study focused on the concept of smart
city, Society 5.0 concept, role of smart cities in the process of disaster risk
management, strengths and opportunities provided by using the information
and communication technologies for urban development, strengths and
opportunities provided by using the artificial intelligence applications for
sustainable urban development, the impact of big data applications on the
smart cities and risk management processes and the application examples.

1. The Effects of Smart City Approach on the Urban Development Process

According to statistics by the United Nations, 200,000 people migrate to
urban areas per day worldwide, and the rate of urbanization at the global
level has increased by 6 times between 1950 and 2020. Moreover, by 2050,
66% of the world’s population is expected to live in cities, with most of the
growth occurring in developing countries (United Nations, 2020). As can be
perceived from the figures given, managing the limited resources effectively
and efficiently in the face of unlimited human needs and performing the
sustainable urbanization processes will only be possible with innovative and
intelligent solutions.
It is important to examine smart development strategies, which find a place
in the city planning discipline, particularly for settlements and to integrate
them into the planning and design process. It has been observed that the
approaches starting from new urbanism movement in 1990s and being
introduced with different contents until today (Sustainable Cities, Ecological
Cities, Green Cities, Smart Growth, Liveable Cities, Digital Cities, etc.) put
forward various solutions regarding the city planning processes which has
been changed and improved along the time. Among the mentioned planning
approaches, the Smart City approach reconsiders settlements within the
framework of technological adaptation and ecological sensitivity in the face
of intensive consumption elements (Sınmaz, 2013).

186 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate