Page 62 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 2

Water Sensitivity In The Context Of
Climate-Friendly Urbanism

A great deal of the surface areas in the cities is public green areas. For
instance, 68% of Oslo, 45% of Vienna, 7,5% of Tokyo are composed of green
areas. When water is taken into consideration, cities can not only bring nature
and water and humans together, but can also direct the water in the city to parks
in a sustainable manner, without many construction items for gray infrastructure.
When this happens, this means not just exhibiting a more ecological approach,
but producing more economical and efficient solutions. A case in point is a study
implemented in New York. The study revealed that as New York maintained
rainwater management through gray infrastructure, the upgrades that the city
had to make in 2010 required a 6.8-billion-dollar investment. However, it has
been observed that an improvement made through the combination of gray
and green strategies reduces this cost by 1.5 billion dollars.
In countries like ours suffering from water scarcity, supplying the groundwater
is gaining importance. The retarding basins and other nature-based solutions
(such as rainwater gardens, bio-swales, filtering lines, etc.) maximize benefits
in the long term as they allow water to seep in the ground slowly. For instance,
in Tujunga Wash Greenway, Los Angeles, water brought to the park forms a
meandering corridor, pouring into this basin and throughout its journey, its
slows down and evaporates to the sky and seeps into the ground to support
the water layer underground.
The maintenance of parks is always costly. For this reason, the rainwater
management techniques that cost the highest are water storage and capture
structures, followed by retarding basins, biological water capturing ponds
respectively, and permeable surfaces that cost almost the same as ponds, and
finally swales with vegetation that cost the lowest (Figure 2). It can be said that
shallow dikes full of pebbles and grass can also be at the bottom of the list in
terms of cost (TPL, 2016).

Field Sports
Lighting through solar energy
Fields for group activities such as
basketball, volleyball, etc. Supporting night landscape through the use of energy
from sustainable energy sources on lighting at night.

Wellness Activities
Yoga, meditation, stretching breathing activities
designed for a variety of ages.
Compacted sand
Active Community
Supporting sports activities and
the use of green areas actively.
Wellness Activities
On-site education on Biological swale
bio-diversity and nature
cycle through experience Family Activities
Supporting the need for sharing,
mingling and socializing through
Biological swale park programs
Figure 2: The use of urban parks in water management
Year 1 / Issue 2 / July 2022 48