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y If it is produced as an integral part of the production process and is included as a product /
by-product in the capacity report,

y If the demand for its use in the future is continuous,

y If it can be used directly in a process and does not undergo other processes, except physical
processes, at the place of production,

y If it is documented that the substance to be substituted complies with the standards of the
substance to be substituted or that the final product does not deteriorate the product stan-
dard if it is used as raw material,
y If precautions are taken in its use that will not harm the environment and human health, it is
not considered as waste, but can be recognised as a by-product.

By the end of 2023, 7 different types of waste from 10 facilities were approved for use as by-pro-
ducts.

D.16. Mining Waste

The procedures and principles regarding the management of wastes generated as a result of
exploration, extraction, preparation/enrichment or storage of mines in Türkiye in a way that
does not harm the environment and human health from production to final disposal are carried
out within the scope of the By-law on Mining Waste published in the Official Gazette dated
15/07/2015 and numbered 29417.
Beneficiation wastes released during mineral ore processing activities and acid-generating
waste from mine excavation/extraction are stored in mining waste disposal facilities licensed
by the MoEUCC. Mining waste storage facilities are monitored by the MoEUCC from the begin-
ning to the end of the construction works and “Mining Waste Storage Facility” approval certifi-
cate is given to the facilities whose construction is found to be completed in accordance with
the legislation.
“Mining Waste Storage Facility” approval certificate was given to 79 facilities between 2011-
2023.

Graphic 54 Number of Facilities Receiving Mining Waste Storage Facility Approval Certificates (MoEUCC,2024)
100 79
62 68 72
50

0
2020 2021 2022 2023

According to the results of water, wastewater and waste statistics of mining enterprises, 2022
survey conducted by TURKSTAT, 860.6 million tonnes of waste was generated in mining enterp-
rises in 2022 (812 million tonnes in 2018). 99.9% of the 860.6 million tonnes of waste generated
in mining enterprises in 2022 was mineral waste. In 2022, the amount of stripping material/
rubble was determined as 26.3 million tonnes excluding 834 million tonnes (795 million tonnes
in 2018) of rubble.
76.1% of the total waste was disposed of in tails dumps, tailings dams or landfills, 20.9% was ba-
ckfilled into the pit, 3% was recovered or disposed of by other methods.

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