Page 119 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 4

Cenk Alhan - Mert Hacıemiroğlu

scaling factor, which is also included in the Taiwan seismic isolation regulation
and reflects the effect of high damping on seismic isolation systems with
a damping ratio of more than 5% in a reducing direction to the insulation
system displacement calculation, was checked using 338 earthquake records
obtained from the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake. As a result, it was determined
that the damping scaling factor was high. The structure-soil interaction for
structures with seismic isolation was numerically studied by Luco (2014).
Kumar et al. (2015) examined the behavior of rubber isolators under tension in
experimental studies conducted at the University of Buffalo, and a numerical
model was developed for the behavior of rubber insulators under tension by
determining that the tension that may occur under large earthquake forces in
such isolators will lead to a cavitation problem. Although rolling-type insulators
have a hundred-year history, they have only recently started to gain popularity.
The historical development and future evaluations of these insulators have
been revealed by Harvey and Kelly (2016). Losanno et al. (2019) developed
design tables based on Eurocode rules for allowing the engineers involved in
the application to apply seismic isolation design in a more practical way and
put forward a sample design using these tables. In another similarly focused
study (Furinghetti, 2022), simple and fast design approaches were developed
for the pre-design of the most commonly used rubber and curved surface
friction pendulum isolators, and the simple design results were compared
with the design using a full 3-dimensional finite element model with a case
study. Kanbir et al. (2020) showed the role of the superstructure modeling
approach in determining the behavior of buildings with lead-core rubber
isolators exposed to lead core heating in the closest way to reality. Murota
et al. (2021), numerically and experimentally examined the use of high-
damping rubber isolators in residential buildings in Türkiye. The historical
development of seismic isolation systems using friction pendulum isolators
was presented by Zhang and Ali (2021). Farajian et al. (2022) investigated the
vulnerability of liquid storage tanks with seismic isolation against near-fault
earthquakes. Öncü- Davas et al. (2022) evaluated the effect of superstructure
flexibility on the optimization of buildings equipped with non-linear seismic
isolation systems. Micozzi et al. (2022) showed how the design decisions such
as isolation period, superstructure overstrength etc. affect the earthquake
reliability of seismic isolation systems in the design of structural systems with
high-damping rubber insulators.

2. Seismic Isolation Applications

Seismic isolation buildings are most commonly seen in Japan which is
followed by China, Russia and Italy, and such buildings worldwide displayed

108 The Journal of Environment, Urban and Climate