Page 100 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 2

Industrial Decarbonization:
The Role Of Material Efficiency Strategies

Chemicals
&
petrochemicals

Figure 2: The direct CO2 Emissions of Industrial Sub-sectors (2000, 2010, and 2020)
Source: IEA (2021c)

Figure 2 shows the direct CO2 emissions of industrial sub-sectors (iron &
steel, cement, chemicals and petrochemicals, paper, and aluminum, etc.), and
the share of these emissions in the industry-based emissions for 2000, 2010, and
2020. As seen in the Figure, iron & steel and cement sub-sectors have a significant
share in the total industrial emissions, and this share has gradually increased over
the years. For example, the share of these two energy-intensive sub-sectors in
industrial emissions was 44% and 48% in 2000 and 2010, respectively. This share
increases to 59% in 2020. When chemicals and petrochemicals are included in
these two sub-sectors, these three sub-sectors become responsible for almost
one-third of the total industrial sector emissions in 2020. More importantly, even
though all climate commitments made by governments (including Nationally
Determined Contributions [NDCs] and long-term net zero goals) have been
achieved, industrial sector-based emissions will continue to increase and will
reach around 10000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2) by 2030,
according to the projections (IEA, 2021c).

b. “Hard-to-abate” Industrial Sector

According to the IEA report, energy (electricity and heat) and transport
sector emissions account for one-third of global carbon emissions in 2019.
The remaining one-third of the CO2 emissions are mainly associated with
industrial and residential sectors. This is shown in panel (a) of Figure 3. As
seen, the energy sector has the biggest share of global CO2 emissions in
2019 with around 45%. It is followed by the transport and industry sectors with

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