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Solutions towards Climate Resillience in the Cities

As explained in the previous parts, cities not only contribute to climate
change through their activities, but also become the places most effected by
the results of climate change. In fact, cities present important opportunities in
breaking the relevant reason-result cycle and fighting climate change. Thus,
cities are also key to a solution (UNEP, 2022). In the decision titled 1/CP.21
approving Paris Agreement, it was emphasized that important duties should
be undertaken with other shareholders (UNFCCC, 2015). Listed below are
certain suggestions about providing climate resilience in cities and fighting
climate change.
Effect, Affectability and Risk Analysis
Regarding cities, it is clear that each city is effected by climate change in a
different way. Without doubt, clustered settlements, population, magnitude
of the city and its geographical conditions also play an important role in it.
Today, the most fundamental problem is that the climate-based risks and
dangers cities face are not properly defined. In this respect, in adapting to
climate change and mitigating disaster risks, making effect, affectability and
risk analysis is essential for creating solutions towards climate resilience. To
this end, the presence of relevant data regarding the analysis of a city is really
important. Moreover, the insights gained from the residents of the city should
definitely be evaluated (Gu, 2019).
Preparing and Applying Local Climate Change Action Plans

Especially in recent years, local administrations have started to play an
important role in determining climate change policies. Although previously
including only mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, the recent Local
Climate Change Action Plans (LCCAP) have started to include an important
necessity, actions towards climate change adaptation. As for adaptation to
climate change, local characteristics come into play because the effects of
climate change vary from one region to another. This brings about a variety in
the practices of local administrators for mitigation or adaptation measures as
part of LCCAP (Kern and Alber, 2009: 174; Stone et al., 2012: 264).
Besides LCCAPs, many cities join international city unions. By becoming a
part of these unions, they can benefit from capacity expansion, good practices,
expertise, data and knowledge exchange, and supports such as financial aid
and opportunities (Kern and Alber, 2009: 171).

48 Journal of Environment, Urbanization and Climate,