Page 255 - 7. State Of Environment Report Of Türkiye

matic purposes can be listed as follows: Delphinia (Delphinum sp.), Foxglove (Digitalis sp.), Chalk
Plant (Gypsophila sp.), Ceterach (Helichrysum sp.), Loddon Lily (Leucojum Aestivum), Flax (Linum
sp.), Anatolian Sweetgum Tree (Liqiudambar Orientalis), Mallow (Malva sp.), Chamomile (Matrica-
ria sp.), Peppermint (Mentha sp.), Black Cumin (Nigella sp.), Orchid (Orchis sp.), Salep (Ophrys sp.),
Marjoram (Origanum sp.), Anise (Pimpinella sp.), Rose (Rosa sp.), Sage (Salvia sp.), Vervain (Sideritis
sp.), Herba chamaedyris (Teucrium sp.) and Thyme (Thymus sp.).

F.1.2.2. Animal Species

Türkiye is not only rich and interesting in terms of flora, but also rich and interesting in terms
of fauna due to its location. This is mainly due to the fact that Anatolia is a bridge between the
continents of Europe and Asia and therefore Anatolia is located on the migration route, it has
different climate and ecosystem types, its flora is rich and therefore many animal species that
need food can find suitable habitats for themselves.

Since many studies have been carried out on the vertebrate fauna of Türkiye, the fauna has been
revealed to a great extent. According to the latest data, 481 species of birds, 150 mammals, 130
reptiles, 480 sea fish, and 236 freshwater fish have been identified in Türkiye.

Table 87 Number of Species and Subspecies Taxa of Various Animal Groups, Endemism Status, Number of Rare and
Threatened Species, Extinct Species (MoAF, 2024)

Endemic
Species/ Rare and
Animal Groups Defined Species Subspecies, Endangered Extinct Species
Variety Species
VERTEBRATES

Reptiles Amphibians (Reptilia 141 16 10 -
Ambhibia)

Birds (Avez) 460 - 27 -
Mammals (Mammalia) 162 37 23 -
Freshwater Fish (Pisces) 236 70 - -

Sea Fish (Pizces) 450 - -
INVERTEBRATES

Molluscs (Molluzca) 322 203 unknown unknown
Butterflies ( Lepideptera) 6,500 59 59 unknown
Grasshoppers (Orthoptera) 600 270 - -

Libellae (Odonata) 114 - -
Beetles (Coleoptera) 10,000 -3,000 - -

Hemipterous Insects
(Heteroptera) -1,400 -2.00 -

Homoptera -1,300 -2.00 - -

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