Page 258 - 7. State Of Environment Report Of Türkiye

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
Certificate is a permit document issued for the import, export, re-export or entry by sea of live,
dead or easily recognisable parts and derivatives of wild animal and plant species included in
the annex lists of the convention, provided that certain conditions specified in the convention
are met.

The annual export quota for medical leech species and eels collected/hunted in Türkiye is
determined together with the General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture of the MoAF,
which is the competent management authority, and the Scientific and Technological Research
Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK), which is the scientific authority, and is announced and monitored
by the MoAF General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture.

Communiqués on the allocation of eel export quota, allocation of medical leech export quota
and the principles regarding the issuance of CITES Certificate were prepared and published in
the Official Gazette. In addition, endangered aquatic products are identified and taken under
protection as a result of scientific studies and organizations of which Türkiye is a member.

F.1.3.Genetic Diversity in Türkiye

Plant genetic diversity is very important for both Türkiye and world agriculture. Türkiye is in a
very special position in terms of plant genetic resources. Among the centres of origin and diver-
sity described by Vavilov, the Mediterranean and Near East centres overlap in Türkiye. According
to J. Harlan, Türkiye has 5 micro-gene centres where more than 100 species show wide variation
and is the centre of origin or diversity of many important cultivated and other plant species.

Türkiye is located at the crossroads of two important Vavilovian gene centres, the Mediterrane-
an and the Near East.

y Thrace-Aegean Region: Bread Wheat, Durum Wheat, Poulard Wheat, Degnek Wheat, Ein-
korn, Lentil, Chickpea, Melon, Bitter Vetch, Lupine and Clover.

y Southern – South-eastern Anatolia: Emmer (Tritucum dicoccum), einkorn, Aegilops spelto-
ides, marrow, melon, cucumber, common bean, lentil, broad bean, vine, and forage plants.

y Samsun, Tokat, Amasya: Various fruit families and species, broad bean, common bean, lentil,
and various legumes used as animal feed.

y Kayseri and neighborhood: almond, apple, green peas, fruit species, vine, lentil, chickpea, al-
falfa, and sainfoin.

y Ağrı and neighborhood: apple, apricot, cherry, sour cherry, forage grain plants, and waterme-
lon.
Some cultivated plants where Türkiye is the center of gene and origin, located where these two
separate gene and diversity centers overlap, can be listed as follows: Triticum, Hordeum, Secale,
Avena, Linum, Allium, Cicer, Lens, Pisum, Medicago, and Vicia. In Türkiye, there are 25 wild relati-
ves of wheat (Triticum and Aegilops), 8 wild relatives of barley (Hordeum), 5 wild relatives of rye
(Secale), and 8 wild relatives of oat (Avena).

Türkiye is also rich in wild relatives of edible legumes and forage plants. There are 4 species of
lentil (Lens), 10 species of chickpea (Cicer), 104 species of trefoil (Trifolium; 11 of them are ende-

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