Page 314 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 4

Disaster Resilient Buildings in Urban Regeneration

İstanbul also has a special place among the cities of global importance
in the world (Figure 9). It is obvious that a devastating earthquake that may
occur around İstanbul will cause a great loss of life and property and will have
a great impact on the Turkish economy.

Figure 9. Map of Global Cities Index (Kearney, 2012)

1.1.2. Flood
A flood or overflow is defined as the rising of a stream or other water mass
over its normal banks, or the accumulation of water in areas that are not
normally wet. In other words, the flood is such an overflow that emerges due
to excessive precipitation, river flood or dam burst etc. Uncontrolled spread
of water can lead to damage to buildings and infrastructure, soil erosion,
damage to agricultural areas and loss of life. Flood events may occur at
different intensities depending on geographical features, climatic conditions
and soil type (Kundzewicz, 2014).
Floods /overflows are among the major disasters that are frequently seen
in Türkiye. It is a phenomenon where water rises within its bed or covers the
surfaces that are usually dry by flowing from a different place. Floods are
classified as slow on-set, rapid on-set and flash floods according to their
formation rate. Slow on-set floods usually take a week or more to develop
while rapid on-set floods occur within two-three days, and flash floods develop
within an hourly period. Floods are also classified according to the type of
locations they emerge such as coastal floods, urban floods, pluvial floods,
dam floods or river (creek and stream) floods (Benli et al., 2018).

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