Page 194 - Çevre Şehir İklim İngilizce - Sayı 4

Urban Transformation as a Tool to Protect From Disasters and
Post-Disaster Housing Project Examples

conducted by AFAD, and the construction of housing units is performed by
the Public Housing Administration, especially in the last 20 years, as can be
seen in Table 1 (Official Gazette dated 28.08.1968, No: 12988).
Law No. 2985 on Public Housing includes a provision stating “to build,
encourage and support housing and social facilities together with their
infrastructures, if necessary, in the regions where disaster occurs”. TOKİ has
constructed and continues to build approximately 218,000 disaster housing
units within this scope (TOKİ, 2023). TOKİ also completed the construction of
permanent residences in Bingöl in 2003, in Simav, Kütahya in 2011, in Van and
Erciş in 2011, in Elazığ, Malatya and İzmir in 2020, after the earthquakes that
occurred at these locations. (TOKİ, 2023).
TOKİ undertakes three main tasks within the framework of measures that
can be taken against earthquakes and the precautions to be considered to
minimise the damage of the earthquakes. These tasks are to increase the
quality, qualified and earthquake-resilient housing stock in the country, to
develop urban transformation projects in cooperation with local governments
in areas with high disaster risk and unplanned urbanization, and to build
permanent houses after an earthquake. Since 2002, TOKİ has been of great
importance, especially in the actual housing construction, regeneration of cities,
construction of houses after disasters, and providing houses with small amount
of advance payment and paying the remaining amount in the long term just
like paying a rent, especially for those who cannot afford to own housing under
the market conditions. 1 200 000 houses have been produced by TOKİ within
20 years (TOKİ, 2023).
Apart from the earthquake, floods and fires are among other disasters
that affect our country. Especially the floods that occurred in the Western
Black Sea region and the fires in the Mediterranean region resulted in a large
number of lives and property losses. On the other hand, the Black Sea Region
Climate Change Action Plan was announced by the Ministry of Environment,
Urbanisation and Climate Change on July 12, 2019, and within this framework,
it was first decided to identify and demolish the structures under the risk of
flood and overflow along the creek route (ÇŞB, 2019).

Table 1. Houses Constructed After Earthquakes, Floods and Fires
PROVINCE STRUCTURES
Elazığ 25,475 houses, 1,308 workplaces
Malatya 8,619 residences, 218 workplaces

Izmir 5.061

Year 2 / Issue 4 / July 2023 183