Page 282 - 7. State Of Environment Report Of Türkiye

y A total of 125 fauna species, including 81 terrestrial invertebrates, four aquatic benthic mac-
roinvertebrates, nine fish, 23 reptiles and eight mammals, were recorded for the first time in
the area.

F.3.1.16. Finike Seamounts Special Environmental Protection Area

Finike Seamounts Special Environmental Protection Area, which was declared by the Decree of
the Council of Ministers and published in the Official Gazette dated 16 August 2013 and numbe-
red 28737, is the first protection area declared in the marine area of Türkiye.

Finike Seamounts Special Environmental Protection Area, which is added to a total of 15 Special
Environmental Protection Areas located on the Aegean and Mediterranean coasts of Türkiye
and in various regions of Anatolia and includes a marine protected area of 1,124,173 ha, is impor-
tant in terms of deep-sea biodiversity, rare banks, special ecosystems such as submarine moun-
tains, endangered species and rare ecosystems.

In addition, the area is expected to help realize the Aichi Targets set under the Convention on
Biological Diversity and to fulfil the country’s obligations under the Barcelona Convention, the
General Commission for Fisheries in the Mediterranean (GFCM) and the Bern Convention, in or-
der to improve the status and management of Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas.

F.3.1.17. Karaburun-Ildır Gulf Special Environmental Protection Area

Karaburun-Ildır Gulf Special Environmental Protection Area was determined and declared as a
Special Environmental Protection Area by the Presidential Decree dated 14.03.2019 and numbe-
red 823 and published in the Official Gazette dated 15.03.2019 and numbered 30715.

Karaburun-Ildır Gulf Special Environmental Protection Area covers the marine area and islands
of Ildır Gulf, Karaburun Peninsula, Izmir province. The total area of Karaburun-Ildır Gulf Special
2
Environmental Protection Area is 946.57 km , with a terrestrial area (including lakes) of 435.93
2
km and a marine area of 510.64 km .
2
The destruction of the red pine communities in Karaburun Peninsula has formed the maquis
formation and the destruction of this formation has formed the Frigana formation. In Karabu-
run Peninsula, the vegetation cover is generally formed by maquis. The dominant tree species of
the forest vegetation is Red Pine (Pinus Brutia) (there are approximately 27.000 ha of red pine
forests), the tree species of the maquis formation that can be encountered in every area is Ker-
mez Oak (Quercus Coccifera), and the species of the garig formation that can be encountered in
almost every area are thorny burnet (Sarcopoterium Spinosum) and various ladens (Cistus sp.).

Although there are some regional variations, the species that make up the vegetation are mostly
Italian ryegrass, arbutus, sandalwood, terebinth, kermes oak, Staphylea, white birch maple tree,
mastic, wild strawberry, carob, laurel, agave, capers, broom, sunflower, alkanna orientalis, onos-
ma bornmuelleri, mercurialis annua, clover, caterpillar-plant, wild onion, dede derneği, fabaceae,
muscari muscarim, and alçak esme. On the other hand, the most common frigana species are
thorny burnet, various ladens erica arborea, pink star.

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