Page 201 - 7. State Of Environment Report Of Türkiye

According to 2022 data, the average water loss rate for Türkiye is determined as 32 per cent. In
order to inform municipalities on practices to reduce water losses and to increase their techni-
cal capacities, two guidance documents, namely Methodological Guide on Water Efficiency in
Drinking Water Sector and Handbook on Control of Water Losses in Drinking Water Supply and
Distribution Systems, were prepared and published on https://www.suverimliligi.gov.tr/yayin-
lar/. In addition, Municipality-Water Fellowship was initiated in order to increase the exchange
of information and experience among municipalities. Until 2024, 47 municipalities were inclu-
ded in the said practice with 34 municipal water brotherhoods.

C.6.4. Sectoral Water Allocation Plan

Sectoral Water Allocation Plans (SWAP) aim to ensure the allocation of water resources at the
basin and sectoral sub-basin scale, to plan for the future and to meet the water needs of each
sector in a fair, efficient and sustainable manner.

In Türkiye SWAP studies started in 2015 and plans have been completed in 11 basins (Seyhan,
Akarçay, Konya, Gediz, Küçük Menderes, Burdur, Büyük Menderes, North Aegean, Western Medi-
terranean, Aras and Çoruh). Preparation of Sectoral Water Allocation Plans for Sakarya and Su-
surluk Basins is in progress. By 2030, it is aimed to complete the SWAP studies for all basins.

In SWAP studies, how much income can be obtained when how much irrigation water is alloca-
ted to the agricultural sector (irrigation areas in the basin) in normal and dry years is determined
by plant pattern optimisation. Studies to determine the optimum plant pattern in agricultural
areas are important for farmers to obtain more income with less water compared to their cur-
rent practices.

C.6.5. Flood Management and Plans

Flood management is a set of activities including pre-flood, flood and post-flood activities and
the General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (SHW) carries out flood and sediment control
works in 3 stages.
Pre-Flood Activities

The General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works aims to eliminate the destructive effects of
floods or minimise their damages through structural and non-structural activities.

a) Structural activities;

These are the facilities including river bed correction and arrangements, flood walls, embank-
ments, diversion channels, etc. to keep the rainwater away from the flood risk area in case of
flood, structures constructed single or gradually perpendicular to the stream axis for upstream
rehabilitation (reversal dam, reclamation bench, base belt, etc.) and control structures including
facilities regulating the flow regime of water such as flood traps and dams.

In addition, within the scope of structural measures, the General Directorate of State Hydraulic
Works carries out works such as cleaning the stream bed, construction of embankments and

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